Neuroscience reveals that resistance to change isn’t stubbornness—it’s biology. Four key brain regions—the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, basal ganglia, and habenula—all react to change as a potential threat by triggering fear, disorientation, habit disruption, and fear of failure. When leaders understand these brain responses, they can design change strategies that calm threat responses, rebuild confidence, and support lasting adaptation.